Effects of Exercise and Immune Function in Osteoporosis

Abstract

Osteoporosis occurs when bone strength is deteriorated due to the decrease in bone mineral contents (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) as the most basic markers of bone metabolism in the aging process as well as the changes in the microarchitecture of bone. Bone structure is reconstructed while osteoblasts and osteoclasts are remodeling on a regular basis, and proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukins, TNF-α and CRP, which are increasing in a systemic inflammatory state, are supposed to activate the boneresorbing, thereby accelerating the loss of bone density and fractures. Osteoporotic fractures are associated with chronic inflammatory diseases, and bone density has been reported to be decreased in a variety of inflammatory diseases. The crosstalk of immune factors or interactions between immune system and bone structure is increasing, and the components of immune system may have complex effects on bone, leading to osteoporosis. Therefore, Exercise intends to examine the impact of exercise program on bone metabolism markers, inflammatory markers and physical fitness in patients with osteoporosis.