Effects of Estrogen Status and Aging on Salivary Flow Rates in Healthy Caucasian Women

Abstract

A comparison of salivary flow rates was made between three groups of female individuals according to their menopausal status. The three groups consisted of healthy, dentate, nonmedicated women (with the exception of the use of estrogen) from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. One group consisted of premenopausal women (n = 51), their mean age was 39 years. Another group (n = 26) was perimenopausal with a mean age of 48 years. A third group (n = 76) was postmenopausal with a mean age of 69 years. The groups were evaluated for unstimulated (U_PAR) and stimulated parotid gland flow rates (S_PAR), unstimulated (U_SUB) and stimulated submandibular/sublingual gland flow rates (S_SUB), and stimulated whole-saliva flow rates (S_WHOLE). The parotid flow rates were determined using a Carlson-Crittenden cup, while the submandibular/sublingual flow rates were determined using the National Institute of Dental Research collector. A 2% citrate solution was used for stimulation in glandular collections. Chewing a 1-cm³ cube of paraffin was used to stimulate whole saliva. The results showed no significant differences in U_PAR, S_PAR, and S_WHOLE between the three groups. However, the premenopausal women had higher U_SUB than the postmenopausal group. The premenopausal women also had higher S_SUB than perimenopausal and postmenopausal groups. There were no differences in salivary flow rates between those taking estrogen and those that were not medicated.