Abstract

Aquatic hypercapnia at PCO2 of 55 mmHg significantly increased pulmonary ventilation in the South American lungfish Lepidosiren paradoxa, whereas no significant increases occurred when hypercapnia was applied to the gas phase with or without concomitant aquatic hypercapnia. On return from gas phase hypercapnia to inspiration of air there was a marked transient increase of ventilation. This post‐hypercapnic response is discussed in relation to the possible presence of upper airway or pulmonary CO2 receptors that inhibit pulmonary ventilation during hypercapnia. Post‐hypercapnic hyperpnea has been reported for various groups of reptiles and for anuran amphibians. The occurrence of post‐hypercapnic hyperpnea in Lepidosiren adds new information related to the evolution of respiratory regulation in vertebrates.

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