Abstract
Understanding the roles of natural drivers and anthropogenic activities in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of arable fields is crucial for adopting the most appropriate agricultural management. This study investigated the effect of two tillage treatments of mouldboard ploughing (MP) and no-tillage (NT), and the environmental factors (soil water content and temperature, carbon content and nitrogen forms) on soil carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. The research was conducted on chernozem soil under winter wheat cultivation. Besides field monitoring, several laboratory experiments took place to examine the effects of environmental drivers and fertilization management on soil GHG emissions. We observed no significant difference between the CO2 emission of MP and NT during a full year period. Nevertheless, significant differences were found in the sub-periods (more particularly during vegetation and then after harvest). NT had higher CO2 emission than MP in all laboratory experiments (p < 0.001) and in the after harvest period of the field trial, measured on bare soil (p < 0.0001). NT had significantly higher N2O emission both under laboratory (p < 0.0001) and field conditions (p < 0.0081). Different fertilization showed no distinguishable effect on N2O emission in the laboratory. This study confirms that N2O emission of the arable field depended more on soil water content than soil temperature, and vice-versa for CO2 emission.
Highlights
The importance of carbon dioxide (CO2) in climate change is well known, it remains in the focus of research interest due to its role in the biosphere and the global ecosystem
This study investigated the effect of two tillage treatments of mouldboard ploughing (MP) and no-tillage (NT), and the environmental factors on soil carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions
(i) In the Tillage experiment we examined the effect of the two tillage methods (MP, NT) on greenhouse gas (GHG) emission under constant air temperature
Summary
The importance of carbon dioxide (CO2) in climate change is well known, it remains in the focus of research interest due to its role in the biosphere and the global ecosystem. More recently the function of nitrous oxide (N2O) emission appears as a new challenge despite the fact that N2O has minor concentration in the atmosphere compared to CO2. It is a more potent greenhouse gas (GHG) having 310 times higher global warming potential than CO2 [1]. CO2 has many natural (respiration of biosphere, soils and wetlands, volcanic eruptions) and anthropogenic sources (industry, fossil fuel combustion, transportation, agriculture), as well as natural sinks (forests and oceans) [3]. N2O emission might originate from natural sources such as different microbial processes of soils and wetlands, lightning in the troposphere or anthropogenic sources like industry and agriculture, fuel and biomass combustion. There are a number of natural sinks of N2O, like photochemical processes in the stratosphere [3]
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