Abstract
Background: Adenoids are common childhood upper respiratory tract problem which frequently obstruct the nasopharyngeal opening with tubal occlusion causes reduction in middle ear pressure with conductive hearing loss.
 Objective: To observe middle ear pressure and level of hearing in children with enlarged adenoids.
 Methods: This cross sectional observational study conducted among 72 children of enlarged adenoids admitted or attended in Dhaka Medical College Hospital and Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka.
 Results: 72 children of enlarged adenoids of age ranges between 5-12 years with male female ratio was 1.25:1. Mouth breathing (65.27%), hearing impairment (59.72%), nasal obstruction (55.55%) and snoring (56.94%) were the presenting symptoms of the patients. Majority of the patients of this study came from middle class (52.77%). Most of the patients with enlarged adenoids were grossly enlarged (51.38%). 43.05% grossly enlarged adenoids had significant hearing loss . In this series 65 ears (45.13%) had type A Tympanogram. 58 ears (40.27%) has Type B Tympanogram and 21 ears (14.58%) has Type C Tympanogram.
 Conclusion: This study revealed significant association between enlarged adenoids and conductive hearing loss of variable degree and negative middle ear pressure.
 Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2021; 27(1): 73-80
Highlights
Adenoids hypertrophy are frequent health problem for young children
This study revealed significant association between enlarged adenoids and conductive hearing loss of variable degree and negative middle ear pressure
Adenoids are component of Waldeyer’s ring and because of their anatomic position can be relevant in the pathogenesis of otitis media when they are inflammed and/or enlarged
Summary
Adenoids hypertrophy are frequent health problem for young children. Adenoids are very small at birth and progressively enlarge as a result of increased immunologic activity. Regression of the adenoids occur rapidly after 15 years of age in most children[1]. Hypertrophied and chronically infected adenoids had increased load of pathogenic bacteria, especially betalactamase producers, as compared with nondiseased adenoids. An equilibrium exists between the normal flora of the adenoid tissue and their local immunologic response and this equilibrium can become disrupted with recurrent acute viral or bacterial infections or colonization with pathogenic bacteria, resulting in hypertrophied lymphoid tissue[2]. Adenoids are common childhood upper respiratory tract problem which frequently obstruct the nasopharyngeal opening with tubal occlusion causes reduction in middle ear pressure with conductive hearing loss
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