Effects of Electro-acupuncture on Serum Cytokine Level and Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Subpopulation at Immune-related and Non-immune-related points

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to find out whether electro-acupuncture (EA) at acupoint LI.10 (Shou San Li), which has not been considered as an immune-related point, has a similar immune effect as LI.11 (Qu Chi). We recruited 24 male medical students for this study. They were randomized into 3 groups: control group (without acupuncture during the study period, n=7), LI.11 group (EA at LI.11 acupoint, n=9) and LI.10 group (EA at LI.10 acupoint, n=8). At the first day (Day 1), blood was taken from all subjects. But EA was applied to the LI.11 and LI.10 group immediately after blood drawing. On the second day (Day 2), EA was applied to the LI.11 and LI.10 group right before blood sample was taken. At the fourteenth day (Day 14), blood sample was taken for all subjects. The parameters of EA were 4 sec alternating intervals of 2 and 15 HZ (dense and disperse) and 1-4 mA in intensity for 20 min. The waveform of electrical impulse was bi-directional and pulse duration of 50 microsec. Blood analysis included flow cytometry for lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4 and CD8 positive cell percentages) and ELISA for cytokines [soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), interferon (INF)-gamma, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10]. We treated the result of Day 1 as a baseline value. After EA at acupoint LI.11, CD4 positive cell percentage at Day 14 showed significant decrease compared to the baseline value (p = 0.011). CD8 positive cell percentage also decreased at Day 2 (p = 0.038) and Day 14 (p= 0.015). In the LI.10 group, CD4 and CD8 levels at Day 14 were decreased significantly (CD4, p = 0.012; CD8, p = 0.017). Results of all cytokines concentrations of the LI.11 group did not change during the study period. But the serum level of sIL-2R of the LI.10 group at Day 14 was higher than the baseline value (p = 0.018). The serum level of IL-6 at Day 14 was lower than the baseline value (p = 0.028). The serum level of IL-4 at Day 2 was lower than the baseline value (p = 0.025). Our results showed that LI.11 and LI.10 acupoints cause a similar decrease of CD4 and CD8 populations. Increase of serum sIL-2R and decrease of serum IL-4 and IL-6 were observed when EA was applied at LI.10 acupoint, but not at LI.11 acupoint. In this study, we can understand that EA may modulate the peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations and serum cytokine levels of the immune system.