Abstract
High-intensity exercise has been found to positively influence glucose control, however, the effects of high-intensity functional training (HIFT) for overweight and obese sedentary adults without diabetes is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in body composition and glucose control from eight weeks of aerobic and resistance training (A-RT) compared to HIFT. Session time spent doing daily workouts was recorded for each group. Baseline and posttest measures included height, weight, waist circumference, dual X-ray absorptiometry (body fat percentage, fat mass, lean mass), and fasting blood glucose. Participants completing the intervention (78%, n = 9 per group) were 67% female, age = 26.8 ± 5.5 years, and had body mass index = 30.5 ± 2.9 kg/m2. Fasting blood glucose and 2-h oral glucose tolerance tests were used as primary outcome variables. On average, the HIFT group spent significantly less time completing workouts per day and week (ps < 0.001). No significant differences were found for body composition or glucose variables within- or between-groups. Even though our findings did not provide significant differences between groups, future research may utilize the effect sizes from our study to conduct fully-powered trials comparing HIFT with other more traditional training modalities.
Highlights
As health care costs attributable to diabetes continue to rise [1,2], it is imperative to examine new approaches to prevent this chronic disease
Even though we expected both groups to show improvements, we hypothesized that the high-intensity functional training (HIFT) group would have greater improvements in body composition and glucose control variables compared to the
One from each group, cited scheduling issues as their reason for dropping out of the study and one male from the HIFT group stated a lower body injury and groin muscle pull during an exercise session as his reason for discontinuing the intervention
Summary
As health care costs attributable to diabetes continue to rise [1,2], it is imperative to examine new approaches to prevent this chronic disease. Evidence from the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP). The DPP study demonstrated that lifestyle interventions that include moderate-intensity activity and dietary modifications are successful in decreasing body weight by more than 4 kg compared to medication and control groups. Those in the lifestyle group had similar, if not better outcomes related to diabetic markers than those in the medication and control group over a four-year period [3]. We can we can theorize that lifestyle programs may be better suited to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). According to the World Health Organization, 39% and 13% of adults over 18 years are considered overweight
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