Abstract
Circular mobilities have become frequent during the era of globalisation. This contribution provides empirical evidence relevant to the long-term international circular migrants admitted into Hungary in economic crisis period 2009-2012 in comparison with before decline of 2006-2008. The principal aim of this paper is to quantify some socio-demographic effects of economic crisis on the international circulators. Initially, we define the circulation within the conceptual framework between the continuum of transnationalism and translocalism. This is achieved by performing the critical literature review on definitions of circulation followed by the international migration and economic contexts. Then we analyse macro-scale data set on long-term international circular migrants based on an original statistical method. In the light of absolute and relative indicators we study changes in time series of circulators in comparison with first immigrants as reference group. We seek to gain insight into the change of socio-demographic composition of international circulators by gender, age and family status. We embed the empirical results into the recent migratory context and try to find possible explanations and interpretations of the effects measured. Lastly, we guess a new characteristic of multiple movers, namely international circulators are partially resistant to some negative effects of economic crisis.
Highlights
Based on the traditional view, migration is a single, i.e., non-repeating event
From the socio-demographic point of view, circulation consists of repeatable migratory moves, and the study of its parity is a problem that can be solved from the creation of biographical data sets, through the utilization of life course analysis and event history analysis with multi-sited approaches [6]
The principal aim of this paper is to quantify the potential effects of economic crisis on the international circular migration in comparison with before crisis period of 2006-2008
Summary
Based on the traditional view, migration is a single, i.e., non-repeating event. The settler type migration is considered an exceptional event within the individual life cycle. From the socio-demographic point of view, circulation consists of repeatable migratory moves, and the study of its parity (the number of times that a given individual migrates to a destination and back to home) is a problem that can be solved from the creation of biographical data sets, through the utilization of life course analysis and event history analysis with multi-sited approaches [6]. In migration studies, these terms, mobility and circulation are both old and new [47, 57]. The gross volume of international circular migration has undoubtedly increased
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