Effects of Early Intervention with Maternal Fecal Microbiota and Antibiotics on the Gut Microbiota and Metabolite Profiles of Piglets.

Chunhui Lin,Yong Su,Weiyun Zhu,Jiajia Wan

doi:10.3390/metabo8040089

Abstract

We investigated the effects of early intervention with maternal fecal microbiota and antibiotics on gut microbiota and the metabolites. Five litters of healthy neonatal piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire, nine piglets in each litter) were used. Piglets in each litter were orally treated with saline (CO), amoxicillin treatment (AM), or maternal fecal microbiota transplantation (MFMT) on days 1–6, with three piglets in each treatment. Results were compared to the CO group. MFMT decreased the relative abundances of Clostridium sensu stricto and Parabacteroides in the colon on day 7, whereas the abundance of Blautia increased, and the abundance of Corynebacterium in the stomach reduced on day 21. AM reduced the abundance of Arcanobacterium in the stomach on day 7 and reduced the abundances of Streptococcus and Lachnoclostridium in the ileum and colon on day 21, respectively. The metabolite profile indicated that MFMT markedly influenced carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid (AA) metabolism on day 7. On day 21, carbohydrate metabolism and AA metabolism were affected by AM. The results suggest that MFMT and AM discriminatively modulate gastrointestinal microflora and alter the colonic metabolic profiles of piglets and show different effects in the long-term. MFMT showed a location-specific influence on the gastrointestinal microbiota.

Highlights

The colonization of the intestinal microbiota commences after birth [1]
Recent studies demonstrated that some Parabacteroides species could protect colon and attenuated colitis [25,26]; further study is needed to understand the mechanism of reducing Parabacteroides by maternal fecal microbiota transplantation (MFMT)
It was reported that Blautia produced acetate and succinate, provided as important energy sources [27] that were conducive to colonic health

Summary

Introduction

The colonization of the intestinal microbiota commences after birth [1]. Soon after a piglet is delivered, the intestinal microflora rapidly converts from primarily facultative anaerobes into a diverse community of anaerobes [2,3]. Researchers have regarded the gut microbiota as a forgotten organ in the host, owing to the microbial capacity of communicating with one another and the host in different ways [4]. The microbiota profoundly impact the physiology, health, and disease of the host [5]. Recent investigations have suggested that the colonization of the newborn gastrointestinal microbiome plays important roles in the later life of humans and animals, demonstrating predictive power in disease [6,7]. In the long-term, the establishment of stable microbiota in early life is beneficial to the individual

Methods

Results

Conclusion