Effects of drought conditions on the carbon dioxide dynamics in a temperate peatland

Abstract

Drought is arguably the most important regulator of inter-annual variation in net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) in peatlands. This study investigates effects of drought periods on NEE and its components, gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (Reco), on the basis of eddy covariance measurements of land–atmosphere exchange of CO2 in 2006–2009 in a south Swedish nutrient-poor peatland. Two drought periods had dissimilar effects on the CO2 exchange. In 2006, there was a short but severe drought period in the middle of the growing season resulting in increased Reco rates, but no detectable effect on GPP rates. In contrast, in 2008 the drought period began early in the growing season and lasted for a longer period of time, resulting in reduced GPP rates, suggesting that GPP is most sensitive to drought during leaf out and canopy development compared with the full canopy stage. Both in 2006 and in 2008 the peatland acted as an annual source of atmospheric CO2, while in 2007 and 2009, when there were no drought periods, the peatland constituted a CO2 sink. It was concluded that the timing, severity and duration of drought periods regulate the effects on peatland GPP, Reco and NEE.