Abstract
This study analyzed the effects of two different training programs on functional performance and inter-limb asymmetries in basketball players. Twenty-four elite youth basketball players were randomly assigned to a training program including variable unilateral horizontal movements (VUH, n = 12) or unilateral lateral movements (VUL, n = 12). Eccentric-overload training (EOT) was performed twice a week for a six-week period. Functional performance assessment included a countermovement jump test, unilateral multidirectional jumping tests (i.e., lateral, horizontal, and vertical), a rebound jump test, a limb symmetry index, a 25 m linear sprint test, and several change of direction (COD) tests. Within-group analysis showed substantial improvements in almost all functional tests in both groups (ES = 0.35–0.89). Furthermore, almost all jumping asymmetries were improved in both groups (ES = 0.38–0.69) except for vertical jumping asymmetry in VUL (ES = −0.04). Between-group analyses showed a substantial and possibly better performance in vertical jumping asymmetry and 5 m in VUH compared to that of VUL, respectively. In contrast, lateral jumping with left (ES = 1.22) and right leg (ES = 0.49) were substantially greater in VUL than in VUH. Specific force-vector training programs induced substantial improvements in both functional performance tests and inter-limb asymmetries, although greater improvements of lateral and horizontal variables may depend on the specific force vector targeted.
Highlights
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutralEnhancing the main physical characteristics often associated with team sports is a key goal of any training program with athletes [1]
Substantial improvements were found in CMJL, horizontaljump jumptest test with right (HJR), HJL, LSI in horizontal jumping (LSIHJ), LJL, LSI in lateral jumping (LSILJ), 180CODR, 180CODL in both groups compared to those pre-tests (Tables 2 and 3)
The present study compared the effects of two variable unilateral training programs The present study theforce effects of two variable unilateral training programs emphasizing either thecompared horizontal component or greater lateral/rotational force emphasizing either the horizontal force component or greater lateral/rotational force vecvector application on inter-limb asymmetries and a battery of functional performance tor application on inter-limb asymmetries and a battery of functional performance tests
Summary
Enhancing the main physical characteristics often associated with team sports (e.g., sprinting, jumping, or cutting) is a key goal of any training program with athletes [1]. Movements in team sports often require athletes to produce force unilaterally in unpredictable and variable contexts with an emphasis on eccentric and multidirectional movement patterns [2]. Practitioners should consider this notion as a critical aspect when programming exercises for a specific goal. Whilst such interventions have been conducted to determine the effects on measures of physical performance, far less training studies have been conducted to determine the effects on inter-limb asymmetry with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
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