Effects of Dipole–Dipole Interaction on Vortex Motion in Bose–Einstein Condensates

Abstract

In this paper, we study the dynamics of a single vortex and a corotating vortex pair in a quasi-two-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensate. The numerical results are obtained by solving the Gross–Pitaevskii equation. It is shown that the vortex motion is strongly dependent on the dipole–dipole interaction (DDI). For a single vortex, the periodic motion occurs with increasing dipole strength. The x-coordinate and y-coordinate as a function of time close to the shape of cosine wave and triangular wave when DDI is an isotropic repulsive interaction, respectively. In addition, it is evident that strong and anisotropic DDI makes the movement of vortex become fast and the amplitude enlarges. In the case of a corotating vortex pair, the dynamics is qualitatively consistent with a single vortex for weak dipole strength. Moreover, the periodic dynamics only appears for strong and anisotropic DDI and more rapid vortex motion is indicated.