Effects of dipole–dipole interaction between cigar-shaped BECs of cold alkali atoms: towards inverse-squared interactions

Abstract

We show that the dipole–dipole coupling between Wannier modes in cigar-shaped Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) is significantly enhanced while the short-range coupling is strongly suppressed. As a result, the dipole–dipole interaction can become the dominant interaction between ultracold alkali Bose atoms. In the long length limit of a cigar-shaped BEC, the resulting effective one-dimensional models possess an effective inverse squared interacting potential, the Calogero–Sutherland potential, which plays a fundamental role in many fields of contemporary physics; but its direct experimental realization has been a challenge for a long time. We propose to realize the Calogero–Sutherland model in ultracold alkali Bose atoms and study the effects of the dipole–dipole interaction.