Effects of dihydroartemisinin on migration and cell viability of human giant cell tumor cells of bone

Abstract

Objective To research the effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on migration and cell viability of human giant cell tumor cells of bone. Methods The human giant cell tumor cells of bone were treated with 0, 10, 20, 40 μmol/L DHA for 24 h. After treated, the cells were stained with Annexin V-fluoresceine isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) and the apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry. At the same time the mitochondrial membrane potential change was measured. Results After treated with DHA for 24 h, the apoptosis rates of human giant cell tumor cells of bone (0, 10, 20 μmol/L DHA) were respectively 0.16%, 18.57% and 34.28%. Compared with control group, the apoptosis rates of human giant cell tumor cells of bone in DHA groups were significantly decreased (P=0.000, 0.000). The relative cell viability were respectively (60.63±2.45)% and (45.93±9.36)% in 10 and 20 μmol/L DHA group, which were significantly decreased than that in control group (P=0.024, 0.000). The migration [(69.27±4.82)% and (46.43±3.96)%] and invasion [(61.98±9.37)% and (43.55±2.45)%] of human giant cell tumor cells of bone in 10 and 20 μmol/L DHA group, which were significantly decreased than those in control group. Compared with control group, the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 were decreased. Conclusion DHA can significantly inhibit the cell viability and increase cell apoptosis. At the same time, DHA can inhibit the migration and invasion of human giant cell tumor cells of bone through decreasing the expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Key words: Dihydroartemisinin; Human giant cell tumor cells of bone; Cell viability; Apoptosis; Migration; Invasion; Matrix metalloproteinase-2; Matrix metalloproteinase-9