Abstract

Effects of different weed control practices on soil quality in mediterranean crops This research approaches the question of weed control sustainability, from the point of view of soil quality maintenance and enhancing. A big choice of practices and products for weed control are available nowadays, but the actual definition of sustainable practice not always considers soil fertility. Soil processes timescale is wider than the productive, commercial and legislative ones. Also the definition of survey protocols is a process slower than the evolution of weed control methods. The faster reaction in the soil ecosystem after an external pressure is given by the organisms living in it, and the microbial community is finally the most effective agent in nutrient recycling processes. In this investigation, the same soil analysis protocol was applied on soil samples exposed to different weed management and control methods. Using soil quality indexes and bioindicators, soil properties variations after the different weed control treatments were compared. In particular soil carbon pool and how microbial community recycles was surveyed. A standard protocol to both find variations in long-term soil quality and survey the short-term impact of weed control practices on soil biological processes was defined. Weed management practices can interact with the nutrients recycling processes performed by the microorganisms living in the soil. These processes have a central role in maintaining soil fertility, one of the most important resources for agriculture. Three weed management practices were compared: the use of synthetic (oxyfluorfen) or natural (essential oils and aqueous extracts) herbicides and two mechanical methods (tillage and mulching). Soil fertility was monitored measuring soil physical-chemical values and elaborating soil quality indexes and bioindicators.; Efectos de diferentes practicas de control de arvenses sobre la calidad del suelo en cultivos mediterraneos Esta investigacion aborda la cuestion de la sostenibilidad del control de las plantas arvenses, desde el punto de vista del mantenimiento y mejora de la calidad del suelo. Una gran variedad de practicas y productos para el control de las arvenses estan disponibles hoy en dia, pero la definicion real de practica sostenible no siempre considera la fertilidad del suelo. La escala de tiempo de los procesos del suelo es mas amplia que los procesos productivos, comerciales y legislativos. Tambien la definicion de protocolos para la investigacion es un proceso mas lento que la evolucion comercial de los metodos de control de malas hierbas. La reaccion mas rapida en el ecosistema del suelo despues de una presion externa es dada por los organismos que viven en ella, y la comunidad microbiana es el agente mas eficaz en los procesos de reciclaje de nutrientes. En esta investigacion se aplico el mismo protocolo de analisis de suelo en muestras de suelo expuestas a diferentes metodos de manejo y control de arvenses. Utilizando indices de calidad del suelo y bioindicadores,…

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