Effects of different sera on adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells

Abstract

Current cell therapy protocols require considerable numbers of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which can be obtained only by in vitro expansion. The most important issue is a choice of optimal growth supplements for cell culture. Ideally, these should be of known composition, free of animal components and allow production of large homogenic populations of MSCs in a considerably short period of time. Since this standard has not been achieved to date, we aimed to assess the molecular responses of MSCs to different growth supplements commonly in use. MSCs were isolated from breast or abdominal adipose tissue and plated into DMEM supplemented with one of four different sera: fetal calf serum (FCS), pretested fetal calf serum (FCS-Sp), human allogeneic serum (HS) or artificial serum substitute (AS). MSCs cultivated with different serum supplements demonstrated distinct morphologies, high adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential and expressed characteristic antigens. Using real-time PCR, we found a large increase in PPARγ and Msx2 gene expression in both lines of proliferating MSCs cultivated with AS. We found that MSCs cultivated in the presence of different sera had similar global proteomic expression patterns, but comparisons of identified proteins revealed most differences in the MSCs cultivated with AS. Our results indicate that MSCs cultivated in the presence of FCS and HS display similar growth, differentiation, immunophenotypic and proteomic properties, while AS induces more profound changes in the physiology of MSCs, suggesting that further fundamental studies should be done before its introduction into clinical practice.