Effects of Different Row Ratios of Male and Female Parents and Application Amount of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Hybrid Wheat Seed Production and Its Component Factors

Abstract

In order to screen suitable high hybrid wheat seed production technology, the split-plot experiment design was adopted and study was carried out about the effects of the different row ratios of male and female parents and application amount of nitrogen fertilizer on hybrid wheat seed production and its component factors. The results showed that the seed production increased with the increase in the number of female parent row. When the row ratio of male and female parents was 2:6, the seed production was 3 683.8 kg/ha; when the application amount of nitrogen fertilization was 50 kg/ha, the seed production was 3 649.4 kg/ha; the interaction between the row ratio of male and female parents and the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer indicated that when the row ratio of male and female parents was 2:6 and the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer was 300 kg/ha, the seed production reached the highest (4 160.6 kg/ha). The row ratio of male and female parents and application amount of nitrogen fertilizer had significant effect on the component factors of seed production, including the number of grains per spike, spike weight and setting percentage. When the row ratio of male and female parents was 2:5, the number of grains per spike, spike weight and setting percentage were the highest at 26.7 grains, 1.12 g, and 62.6% respectively; when application amount of nitrogen fertilizer was 450 kg/ha, the number of grains per spike, spike weight and setting percentage were the highest at 26.0 grains, 1.08 g, and 59.2% respectively; the interaction of row ratio of male and female parents and application amount of nitrogen fertilizer had significant effect on the number of grains per spike, spike weight and setting percentage; when the row ratio of male and female parents was 2:5 and the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer was 300 kg/ha, the number of grains per spike, spike weight and setting percentage were the highest at 29.6 grains, 1.24 g, and 71.6% respectively. Conclusions: the number of grains per spike is the largest component factor for seed production. Increasing the number of grains per spike can increase the seed production. According to the effects of row ratio of male and female parents and application amount of nitrogen fertilizer on the component factors of seed production, the optimal condition was 2:5-2:6 for row ratio of male and female parents and 300-450 kg/ha for application amount of nitrogen fertilizer.