Abstract
The five-year-old “Longanyou” trees were used as the experimental material to study the effects of different fertilization treatments. The nutrient contents in soil and leaves, fruit yield and quality were determined, and then the correlations were analyzed. The results showed that: 1) The soil nutrient contents of 0 - 20 cm depth were more than the 20 - 40 cm, and the trends of nutrient contents of the 0 - 20 cm soil layers were as follows: treatment 2 (T2) > treatment 3 (T3) > treatment 4 (T4) > treatment 1(T1) > control (CK). However, the 20 - 40 cm depth had not significant difference between different treatments, but T2, T4 and T3 were higher than T1 and CK. It indicated that the soil effective nutrient content increased in T2 and T3. 2) Compared with the control, the content of K and B elements was improved obviously in leaves with the increase of organic manure application. The contents of P (1.60 g·kg-1), B (26.00 mg·kg-1) and Mg (1.18 g·kg-1) were the highest, and other nutrients contents were also higher, indicating that T2 could effectively improve the leaves’ nutrient contents. 3) The fruit yield per plant was the highest in T2 (95.40 kg plant-1), and the single fruit weight, total sugar, sugar and acid ratio, vitamin C were also the highest, but titratable acid was lower. It indicated that T2 effectively improved fruit yield and quality. 4) There were positive correlations between multiple factors of soil nutrients and the quality index, such as fruit peel thickness, total sugar, solid acid ratio, sugar and acid ratio, Vc content and single yield etc. There was significant correlation between K, B, Zn, Fe contents and fruit yield and quality index, and the contents of B, Zn and Fe in leaves were significantly correlated with soil nutrient, indicating that the contents of K, B, Zn, Fe in soil and leaf were closely related to fruit yield and quality. In sum, the T2 was the best fertilization scheme for orchard management practice of “Longanyou”.
Highlights
Soil is a fundamental factor of fruit production, and fruit trees usually absorb water and nutrients by their roots, fertilizers are traditionally applied into the soil
The results showed that: 1) The soil nutrient contents of 0 - 20 cm depth were more than the 20 - 40 cm, and the trends of nutrient contents of the 0 - 20 cm soil layers were as follows: treatment 2 (T2) > treatment 3 (T3) > treatment 4 (T4) > treatment 1(T1) > control (CK)
Soil nutrient provides the necessary mineral elements for plant growth, and different fertilization treatments influence on the level of leaf nutrients [5], and mineral nutrition is the material basis of fruit tree growth and development, yield formation and fruit quality improvement, so the leaf nutrient is closely related to fruit quality [6] [7]
Summary
Soil is a fundamental factor of fruit production, and fruit trees usually absorb water and nutrients by their roots, fertilizers are traditionally applied into the soil. Soil fertilization causes environmental contamination for nutrients leaching into ground water [2], improving soil physical and chemical properties by the rational fertilization tillage is the efficient way to reduce the environmental pollution and increase the capacity of soil fixation and tree absorption. Soil nutrient provides the necessary mineral elements for plant growth, and different fertilization treatments influence on the level of leaf nutrients [5], and mineral nutrition is the material basis of fruit tree growth and development, yield formation and fruit quality improvement, so the leaf nutrient is closely related to fruit quality [6] [7]. Continuing to investigate the correlation, especially focusing on improving soil physical and chemical properties, nutrition level of tree and fruit yield and quality in the different fertilization treatments, is the long-term and beneficial way to fruit production
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