Effects of Different Dietary Levels of Blue Lupine (Lupinus angustifolius) Seed Meal With or Without Probiotics on the Performance, Carcass Criteria, Immune Organs, and Gut Morphology of Broiler Chickens.

Ahmed A. Al-Sagan,Abdulaziz A. Al-Abdullatif,Abdullah H. AL-Yemni,Elsayed O. S Hussein,Youssef A. Attia

doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.00124

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different dietary levels of blue lupine (Lupinus angustifolius) seed meal with or without probiotics (Bacillus subtilis) in broiler diets on the growth performance, carcass characteristics, internal and immune organs, and gut morphology. Three experimental diets containing 0, 20, and 30% of blue lupine, with or without probiotics, were formulated and fed to 144 day (d)-old Ross 308 broiler chickens. Overall, chicks fed blue lupine meal diets, especially at the 30% rate, showed improved growth, feed performance parameters, and carcass characteristics in comparison to chicks fed a soybean meal-based diet. For example, a 30% blue lupine diet resulted in a significant increase in the duodenum length percentage of 35 d-old broilers; the addition of probiotics had no—effects on the dressing, thigh, and leg percentages of 21- and 35 d-old broilers and the drumstick and leg percentages of 35 d-old broilers. In conclusion, a 30% blue lupine seed diet with the addition of probiotics could provide a cheap source of protein without negative effects on the growth performance, carcass characteristics, immune organs and gut morphology of broilers.

Highlights

Poultry production necessitates the provision of adequate protein and amino acids to chicks for normal growth and maximum production [1]
The thymus percentage of 35 d-old broilers increased significantly (29.3%) in the probiotic-supplemented group, compared to the unsupplemented group. These results indicate that a prolonged probiotic feeding period until 35 d of age significantly increased the thymus percentage in the probiotic-supplemented group as compared to the unsupplemented group; these results are in contrast to what was obtained at 21 d of age
The influence of probiotics on the jejunum length percentage at 21 d of age (Table 9) was diminished at 35 d of age (Table 9). These results indicate that the addition of blue lupine and probiotics had no adverse effects on the lower small intestine parts’ morphology; an exception to this was the increase in the ileum percentage and the ileum weight/length ratio of the 20% blue lupine diet group observed at 35 d of age

Summary

Introduction

Poultry production necessitates the provision of adequate protein and amino acids to chicks for normal growth and maximum production [1]. The protein requirements of broiler chick with adequate growth performance and body weight are high [2, 3]. The cost of importing feed ingredients such as soybean meal and corn to formulate poultry diets is one of the most important impediments to achieving high productivity. Soybean meal, preferred for its high nutritional value, is the main source of protein for broilers. The soybean meal price fluctuates worldwide with a tendency to increase with decreasing supply during certain periods of the year [4]. The increase in the cost of broiler diets is mainly due to the volatility of the feed market and the

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