Abstract
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is a cost-effective method for arresting active dental caries. However, the limited cooperation of patients may lead to an SDF application time that is shorter than the recommended 1–3 min for carious lesions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of different application times of SDF on the degree of mineral precipitation in demineralized dentin. Demineralized dentin specimens from permanent maxillary molars were treated by applying 38% SDF for 30, 60, or 180 s. Water was applied in the control group. The specimens were immersed in simulated body fluid for 2 weeks, and the mineral precipitation in demineralized dentin was then analyzed using FTIR-ATR, SEM-EDX, and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM). The FTIR-ATR results showed a significant increase in mineral precipitation in the 180 s group after 1 week. However, after 2 weeks, the SRXTM images indicated comparable mineral density between the 30, 60, and 180 s groups. The precipitation of silver chloride and calcium phosphate crystals that occluded dentinal tubules was similar in all experimental groups. In conclusion, an application time of either 30, 60, or 180 s promoted a comparable degree of mineral precipitation in demineralized dentin.
Highlights
Non-invasive or minimally invasive techniques are regarded as cost-effective methods for the management of dental caries [2], and one such method is the use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) [3,4], which has been reported to prevent 61% [5] and 71% [6] of caries in children and adults, respectively
It has been been suggested that the duration of SDF application in carious lesions does not directly suggested that the duration of SDF application in carious lesions does not directly correlate correlate with the success of the treatment [16], an explanation for this observation is still with the success of the treatment [16], an explanation for this observation is still lacking
The current study showed that the mineral density in demineralized dentin was increased from 0 vol% to ~66 vol% after SDF application
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Dental caries remains the most common preventable chronic disease that affects people worldwide. Almost 2.3 billion adults and 532 million children are reported to have untreated dental caries [1]. The treatment of dental caries constitutes a high economic burden in many countries and requires long-term management. Non-invasive or minimally invasive techniques are regarded as cost-effective methods for the management of dental caries [2], and one such method is the use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) [3,4], which has been reported to prevent 61% [5] and 71% [6] of caries in children and adults, respectively
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