Effects of Dietary Protein on Thyroid Axis Activity.

Ewelina Pałkowska-Goździk,Danuta Rosołowska-Huszcz,Katarzyna Lachowicz

doi:10.3390/nu10010005

Ewelina Pałkowska-Goździk, Danuta Rosołowska-Huszcz + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10010005

Copy DOI

Journal: Nutrients	Publication Date: Dec 22, 2017
Citations: 20	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Warsaw University of Life Sciences

Abstract

Thyroid hormones (TH) are essential for the normal development and function of every vertebrate. The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis is regulated to maintain euthyroid status. One of the most influential environmental factors that determines HPT axis activity is nutrition. Both food availability and substrate diversity affect thyroid hormone economy. The present paper aims to summarize literature data concerning the influence of the amount and the type of protein on thyroid axis activity. This review sheds light on the contribution of a low-protein diet or insufficient intake of essential amino acids to TH abnormalities. We believe that the knowledge of these dependencies could improve the results of nutritional interventions in thyroid axis disorders and enhance the efficiency of animal breeding.

Highlights

Thyroid hormones (TH) play a crucial role in the differentiation, growth, development and function of most tissues
As thyroid activity is essential for proper development, metabolic regulations and for maintenance of energy balance, we aimed to review literature data concerning the effects of quantity and type of protein consumed on thyroid axis activity
In rats born to the dams exposed to low-protein diets during gestation, the reduced birth weight was followed by higher feed efficiency, raised core body temperature, higher resting and basal metabolic rates in the fed and fasted states compared to the controls [27]

Summary

Introduction

Thyroid hormones (TH) play a crucial role in the differentiation, growth, development and function of most tissues They have long been recognized as a key regulator of oxygen consumption and the basal metabolic rate [1]. Using double knockout mice that lack both the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) and NPY it was demonstrated that NPY plays a major role in the fasting-induced suppression of the HPT axis at the central level Both MC4R and NPY were shown to be responsible for decreasing plasma hormone levels during food deprivation by TH sulphation or glucuronidation in the liver [12]. Selected papers were read in full to confirm the eligibility

Effect of Protein Quantity on HPT Axis Activity

Effect of Protein Source on HPT Axis Activity

Findings

Conclusions