Abstract
Healthy men receiving adequate intakes of energy and fat without protein and carnitine for 14 days had significantly higher mean 24-h urinary free, acyl, and total carnitine excretions than the control subjects. Hen egg was the sole source of protein in this study and constained 7.77 μmol of carnitine/100 g. The stress stimuli due to the lack of protein and carnitine intakes were alleviated with the protein intakes of 0.35, 0.50, 0.55, 0.65, 0.70, and 0.85 g/kg/d, evidenced by the significant decreases in the 3 forms of 24-h urinary carnitine excretions. Their significantly lower in the 3 forms of 24-h urinary carnitine excretions than the control subjects with carnitine intake of 176 μmol/d were due to their limited intakes of carnitine: 12–30 μmol/d. Their significant increases in urinary acylcarnitine/total carnitine ratios indicated the utilization of carnitine in fatty acid oxidation.
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