Abstract
SummaryBackgroundSarcopenia, a progressive age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, leads to disability, falls, and hospitalisation. Individual variation in sarcopenia onset may be partly explained by lifestyle factors such as physical activity and diet. Healthy dietary patterns (DPs) have been linked to better physical functioning in older adults, but their role in sarcopenia in the very old (aged ≥85) is unknown.AimsTo investigate the association between DPs and the risk of sarcopenia over 3 years, and to determine whether protein intake influences this relationship in community-dwelling older adults from the Newcastle 85 + Study.MethodsThe analytic sample consisted of 757 participants (61.2% women) who had dietary assessment at baseline. After two-step clustering with 30 food groups to derive DPs, we used logistic regression to determine the risk of prevalent and incident sarcopenia across DPs in all participants, and in those with low (<1 g/kg adjusted body weight/day [g/kg aBW/d]) and good protein intake (≥1 g/kg aBW/d).ResultsWe identified three DPs (DP1: ‘Low Red Meat’, DP2: ‘Traditional British’ and DP3: ‘Low Butter’) that varied by unsaturated fat spreads/oils, butter, red meat, gravy and potato consumption. Compared with participants in DP3, those in DP2 had an increased risk of prevalent (OR = 2.42, 95% CI: 1.15–5.09, p = 0.02) but not 3-year incident sarcopenia (OR = 1.67, 0.59–4.67, p = 0.33) adjusted for socio-demographic, anthropometry, health and lifestyle factors. Furthermore, DP2 was associated with an increased risk of prevalent sarcopenia at baseline (OR = 2.14, 1.01–4.53, p = 0.05) and 3-year follow-up (OR = 5.45, 1.81–16.39, p = 0.003) after adjustment for key covariates in participants with good protein intake.ConclusionA DP high in foods characteristic of a traditional British diet (butter, red meat, gravy and potato) was associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia even when overall protein intake was good. The results need to be replicated in other cohorts of the very old to understand the role of DPs in sarcopenia onset and management.
Highlights
dietary patterns (DPs) differentiation, nutritional, sociodemographic and health characteristics of the present analyses in community-dwelling older adults were very similar to those previously reported in a bigger sample, and they are described in Appendix 1
In a model adjusted for key covariates, DP2 (‘Traditional British’), a group in which a higher proportion of people ate butter, red meats/meat dishes, gravy, potatoes, vegetables, sweets/ desserts, and with the highest intake of fat and total energy, was associated with a 2.4-fold increased risk of sarcopenia at 3-year follow-up compared with DP3 (‘Low Butter’), a DP in which more people ate unsaturated fat spreads and oils, and with the highest %E from protein and starch
DP2 was associated with a 2.1fold and a 5.4-fold increased risk of prevalent sarcopenia at baseline and 3-year follow-up, respectively in participants with good protein intake (!1 g/kg adjusted body weight (aBW)/d)
Summary
Only a few studies have been conducted in the very old (aged !85) [31,32], who have higher prevalence of sarcopenia [4], and are at increased risk of malnutrition [33], poor diet [34e36] and inactivity [37]dthe main modifiable risk factors for loss of muscle mass/strength. DP2 was associated with an increased risk of prevalent sarcopenia at baseline (OR 1⁄4 2.14, 1.01e4.53, p 1⁄4 0.05) and 3-year follow-up (OR 1⁄4 5.45, 1.81 e16.39, p 1⁄4 0.003) after adjustment for key covariates in participants with good protein intake. Conclusion: A DP high in foods characteristic of a traditional British diet (butter, red meat, gravy and potato) was associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia even when overall protein intake was good.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
