Abstract
A 56-day feeding trial was conducted in a flow-through seawater system to investigate the effects of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) on growth performance and lipid metabolism of turbot. Four experimental diets were prepared, differing only in the LPC supplementation, namely, 0 (LPC-0, control), 0.1 (LPC-0.1), 0.25 (LPC-0.25), and 0.5% (LPC-0.5) of dry matter. Each diet was randomly fed to triplicate tanks. LPC-0.1 and LPC-0.25 led to significantly higher weight gain than the control diet, and the highest weight gain was observed in LPC-0.1. Compared to the control group, the LPC-supplemented groups had higher survival and lower hepatosomatic index and viscerosomatic index. LPC-0.25 led to significantly lower contents of crude lipid and ash in whole fish. Dietary LPC supplementation led to a basic decrease in the lipid metabolism-related biochemical parameters in serum but had only very minor influence on the fatty acid composition in the liver and subcutaneous tissue around the fin (STF). High LPC levels upregulated the mRNA expression of BSAL and ApoEα in both the liver and STF. In conclusion, dietary LPC supplementation (0.1-0.25%) enhanced the growth, lowered the lipid accumulation in juvenile turbot, and significantly regulated the lipid metabolism. However, it seldom influenced the fatty acid composition.
Highlights
Emulsifier-like feed additives have been widely used in terrestrial animals [1,2,3,4,5,6]
The weight gain in groups LPC-0.1 and LPC0.25 was significantly (P < 0:05) higher compared to the control group, with the highest value observed in group LPC-0.1 and an intermediate value observed in group LPC-0.5
The present study demonstrated the significant positive effects of dietary supplementation of LPC (0.1-0.25%) on growth performance of turbot
Summary
Emulsifier-like feed additives have been widely used in terrestrial animals [1,2,3,4,5,6]. The positive effects of bile acids on growth and lipid metabolism of farmed fish have been reported in a number of studies [9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17], including a recent study of ours with a marine teleost, tiger puffer (Takifugu rubripes) [18] Another effective emulsifier, lysophospholipid (mostly lysolecithin), which has been demonstrated to have high efficiency in enhancing dietary lipid utilization in terrestrial animals [19,20,21,22,23,24,25], has not been well investigated in farmed fish. Relevant information was available only in small number of fish species such as rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) [26, 27], channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) [28], and hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis aureus ♂ × Oreochromis niloticus ♀) [29] Even in these limited studies, controversial results, mainly related to whether lysophospholipid is effective or related to the effective lysophospholipid dose, were observed. More studies are needed to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of lysophospholipid in fish diets
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