Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of supplementation of dietary soluble fibers with high water-binding capacity (WBC) and swelling capacity (SC) on gastrointestinal tract mass, physicochemical properties of digesta, gastrointestinal mean retention time (MRT), body weight, and food intake in male rats.Methods: Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to four equal groups and fed the control diet or diet containing 2% konjac flour (KF), pregelatinized waxy maize starch plus guar gum (PWMS+GG), andPWMS plus xanthan gum (PWMS+XG) for three weeks.Results: WBC and SC of diets followed the order of PWMS+GG > KF > PWMS + XG > control. PWMS+GG and KF groups had a lower average daily food intake than the control group, but all the groups showed no difference in final body weightand the weight gain rate. The high WBC and SC of the PWMS+GG and KF groupsled to an increase of WBC and SC in the stomach digesta, and a gain of the cecal digesta weight, due to increased cecal moisture content.Conclusion: The inclusion of the novel fiber, PWMS+GG, in the diet of male rats appears to facilitate the modulation of WBC and SC of stomach digesta and the reduction of food intake.
Highlights
The chronic nature of obesity and its related diseases suggests the necessity to adopt comprehensive management approaches to achieve and maintain weight loss
The highest water-binding capacity (WBC) and swelling capacity (SC) were found in the Pregelatinized waxy maize starch (PWMS) + Guar gum (GG) diet, followed by konjac flour (KF) diet, and PWMS + Xanthan gum (XG) diet, with the lowest WBC and SC in the control diet, indicating the WBC and SC were higher in fiber materials than in the wheat bran
Compared with the control group, the daily food intake was obviously lower in the PWMS + GG and KF groups (P = 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the control and PWMS + XG groups
Summary
The chronic nature of obesity and its related diseases suggests the necessity to adopt comprehensive management approaches to achieve and maintain weight loss. Previous studies indicated that dietary fiber can reduce food intake and body weight, but the data from human trials are controversial [1,2], probably due to the variability in study designs. In this type of research, animal models are often used due to the advantages of complete control over the diet and collection of gut samples. Studies in rats and mice have shown that diets supplemented with fibers result in lower food intake and body weight, but the efficacy of dietary fibers varies with their amount and composition [3,4,5]. This could be attributed to the difference in the physicochemical properties of dietary fibers, which are expected to influence digestive physiology in different ways throughout the gastrointestinal tract [6,7]
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