Effects of diet type during an exercise and weight loss program on markers of metabolic syndrome in women with elevated uric acid levels

Abstract

237 women (41±9 yrs, 164±7 cm; 93±17 kg; 35±6 kg/m2) consumed 1,200 kcal/d for 1‐wk and 1,600 kcal/d for 9 wks consisting of 55% CHO, 15% P, and 30% F (HC, n=76) or 7–15% CHO, 55–63% P, and 30% F (HP, n=161) while participating in a 30‐min circuit training program 3 d/wk. Blood samples and DEXA body composition measurements were obtained at 0 & 10 wks and analyzed by MANOVA. Subjects were stratified into groups of less than (LU) and higher than (HU) median uric acid (UA) levels (4.8 mg/dl). UA levels were significantly different between groups (LU 3.8±0.6; HU 5.7±0.9 mg/dl, p=0.001). Diet and training significantly decreased (p<0.003) body weight (−3.6±3.0 kg), fat mass (−2.6±2.8 kg), waist circumference (−2.8±9 %), total CHL (−2.9±13 %), and SBP (−2.1±12 %). Significant interactions were seen in weight loss (HP −3.9±4.2; HC −2.8±3.1 kg, p=0.06), fat loss (HP −3.0±3.0; HC −1.7±2.1 kg, p=0.001), waist circumference (HP −3.6±8; HC −1.3±11 %, p=0.08), and TG (HP −4.7±31; HC −5.0±39 %, p=0.04). Significant diet x UA level x time effects were seen in weight loss (HP/LU −3.2±4.3, HP/HU −4.6±4.1, HC/LU −3.7±3.4, HC/HU −3.9±3.9, p=0.03), fat loss (HP/LU −2.7±3.0, HP/HU −3.3±3.0, HC/LU −2.3±2.2, HC/HU −1.1±2.0, p=0.02), and blood glucose (HP/LU 0.4±19, HP/HU −2.7±12, HC/LU −1.4±9, HC/HU 2.6±11, p=0.08). Results indicate that individuals with higher UA levels may experience greater weight and fat loss following a HP diet during training.