Abstract
Asthma is the most prevalent chronic disease in adults. It affects their quality of life. Studies confirm that depression and anxiety occurs in asthma patients. The study involved 96 patients with asthma divided into two groups: patients with controlled (n = 33) and uncontrolled asthma (n = 63). The analysis of asthma control was performed on the basis of the ACT (Asthma Control Test) results. The study used SF-36 (Short Form 36) questionnaire and HADS (Hospital and Depression Scale) Scale. An analysis of the correlations between QoL (Quality of Life) and the level of depression revealed a decrease in QoL scores in MCS (Mental Component Score) domain in the group with controlled asthma (71.8 - patients without depression, 53.4 - patients with probable depression, and 51.4 - patients with depression; p = 0.032). A similar analysis of the correlations between QoL and the level of anxiety in this group of patients proved no correlations in PCS (Physical Component Score) and MCS domains. In the group of patients with uncontrolled asthma, anxiety and depression correlated negatively with the QoL in PCS and MCS domains. Anxiety and depression are found in asthma patients, with higher severity observed in patients with uncontrolled asthma. Female gender, the level of asthma control, asthma severity, smoking, as well as diagnoses of anxiety and depression are predictors of a significantly lower QoL in asthma. Anxiety and depression are found in asthma patients, with higher severity observed in patients with uncontrolled asthma. Female gender, the level of asthma control, asthma severity, smoking, as well as diagnoses of anxiety and depression are predictors of a significantly lower quality of life in asthma.
Highlights
Asthma is the most prevalent chronic disease in adults
The patients were divided into two groups: — group C — patients with controlled asthma (n = 33) — results of the Asthma Control Test (ACT) ranging from 25 to 20 points — group U — patients with uncontrolled asthma (n = 63) — the ACT results below 20 points
The quality of life was assessed with the Short Form−36 questionnaire (SF-36 ), which consists of 36 questions concerning two aspects of quality of life: physical (Physical Component Score, PCS) and mental (Mental Component Score, MCS)
Summary
Asthma is the most prevalent chronic disease in adults. It affects their quality of life. In the group of patients with uncontrolled asthma, anxiety and depression correlated negatively with the QoL in PCS and MCS domains. The level of asthma control, asthma severity, smoking, as well as diagnoses of anxiety and depression are predictors of a significantly lower QoL in asthma. The level of asthma control, asthma severity, smoking, as well as diagnoses of anxiety and depression are predictors of a significantly lower quality of life in asthma. The Global Initiative for Asthma report — GINA 2006, has completely changed an approach to asthma treatment It recommends the creation of education programs to fully control the disease. Understanding of factors affecting quality of life allows to schedule treatment plan
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