Abstract
<p style="text-align:justify">The objectives of this research included to study the effects of democratic parenting and teaching activities on global citizenship according to logical reasoning in making decisions on political attitudes among 2,286 students from 80 classrooms. The research instruments included 1) a set of rating- scale questionnaires for students with 92 items, having the reliability as 0.968 and 2) a set of rating- scale questionnaires for teachers with 23 items, having the reliability as 0.893. The results of the multilevel structural equation model analysis revealed that the factor of political attitudes was the most important in describing each student's global citizenship with the explanation of the variance with democratic parenting and the analysis of applying the reasons in students’ decisions was as 68.50%. Teaching activities affected positively on global citizenship both directly and indirectly through statistically significant factors with and together explained the variance of the global citizenship of each student by 84.00%. These findings highlight the importance of developing and fostering political attitudes that affect students' global citizenship through parenting and teaching activities covering the development of relevant factors as discussed in the Discussion and Implementation Part.</p>
Highlights
IntroductionGlobal citizenship is an important characteristic of humans who coexist in all societies
The objectives of this research included to study the effects of democratic parenting and teaching activities on global citizenship according to logical reasoning in making decisions on political attitudes among 2,286 students from 80 classrooms
The results of the multilevel structural equation model analysis revealed that the factor of political attitudes was the most important in describing each student's global citizenship with the explanation of the variance with democratic parenting and the analysis of applying the reasons in students’ decisions was as 68.50%
Summary
Global citizenship is an important characteristic of humans who coexist in all societies They know their roles as citizens of the global community including understanding the way of life in society. They have love, bond, and concern for others. They sympathize with other people who have suffered or difficulty They desire to help others, even if people do not exist in their own social group or country. The student's global citizenship characteristics can be observed through behavioral expressions Sometimes it cannot be observed intrinsically, such as political attitudes and logical reasoning, all of which are students' inner feelings. These things can occur as inheriting some from parenting and cultivated by teachers (Baumrind, 1971; Pintrich, 2003)
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