Abstract
Abstract Pb(Zr 0.52 Ti 0.48 )O 3 –Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –Pb(Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 ceramics were prepared using the conventional mixed-oxide route. The effects of CuO addition on the phase transition and electrical responses were investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the phase of the material changed from an rhombohedral structure to a MPB structure and then a tetragonal structure when the CuO content was increased from 0.00 to 0.30 wt.%. The P – E hysteresis loops of CuO-doped PZT–PMN–PZN ceramics showed pinched shapes instead of the normal square-like P – E loops. The pinched loops were assumed to be the result of the pinning effect of the defect dipoles. Optimized electrical properties, such as d 33 = 280 pC/N, k p = 0.53, tan δ = 0.0090, Q m = 1645 and ɛ r = 982, were achieved by doping 0.20 wt.% CuO in PZT–PMN–PZN ceramics sintered at 920 °C.
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