Effects of craniosacral therapy and sensorimotor training on pain, disability, depression and quality of life of patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain: a randomized clinical trial

Abstract

Background: Craniosacral therapy (CST) and sensorimotor training (SMT) are two recommended interventions for nonspecific chronic low back pain (NCLBP). This study compares the effects of CST and SMT on pain, functional disability, depression and quality of life in patients with NCLBP.
 Methodology: A total of 31 patients with NCLBP were randomly assigned to the CST group (n=16) and SMT (n=15). The study patients received 10 sessions of interventions during 5 weeks. Visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), Beck depression inventory-II (BDI-II), and Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaires were used at baseline (before the treatment), after the treatment, and 2 months after the last intervention session. Results were compared and analyzed statistically.
 Results: Both groups showed significant improvement from baseline to after treatment (p < 0.05). In the CST group, this improvement continued during the follow-up period in all outcomes (p < 0.05), except role emotional domain of SF-36. In the SMT group, VAS, ODI and BDI-II increased during follow-up. Also, all domains of SF-36 decreased over this period. Results of group analysis indicate a significant difference between groups at the end of treatment phase (p < 0.05), except social functioning.
 Conclusions: Results of our research confirm that 10 sessions of craniosacral therapy (CST) or sensorimotor training (SMT) can significantly control pain, disability, depression, and quality of life in patients with NCLBP; but the efficacy of CST is significantly better than SMT.
 Key words: Craniosacral therapy; Sensorimotor training; Nonspecific chronic low back pain; Quality of life
 Citation: Ghasemi C, Amiri A, Sarrafzadeh J, Dadgoo M. Effects of craniosacral therapy and sensorimotor training on pain, disability, depression and quality of life of patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain: a randomized clinical trial. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2021;25(2):189-198. DOI: 10.35975/apic.v25i2.1458
 Abbreviations: CST=Craniosacral therapy; SMT=Sensorimotor training; NCLBP=Nonspecific chronic low back pain; VAS=Visual analogue scale; ODI=Oswestry disability index, BDI-II=Beck depression inventory-II, and SF-36=Short Form-36; CSF=cerebral spinal fluid; CSS=craniosacral system; PRM=primary respiratory movements
 Received: 27 June 2020, Reviewed: 24 July 2020, Accepted: 27 July 2020