Abstract
BackgroundThe dietary habits and lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic could affect the urinary risk factors in kidney stone formers. In this study, we investigated the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on 24-h urine metabolites, as a surrogate for dietary intake, in patients with kidney stones, in Tehran, Iran.MethodsWe evaluated the medical records of all patients with urolithiasis who visited in our stone prevention clinic from the beginning of COVID-19 in Iran to 1 year later (Feb 2020–Feb 2021) and compared it with the patients’ medical records in the same period a year before COVID-19 (Feb 2019–Feb 2020).ResultsThe results of our stone prevention clinic showed a decrease in the number of visits during COVID-19. Twenty-four-hour urine urea, sodium, and potassium were significantly lower, and 24-h urine magnesium was significantly higher during COVID-19. Higher 24-h urine oxalate was only shown in patients with the first-time visit, whereas lower 24-h urine uric acid and citrate were only shown in patients with the follow-up visits.ConclusionsCOVID-19 pandemics may change some of the dietary habits of the patients, including lower salt, protein, and fruit and vegetable intake. Although economic issues, restricted access, or sanitation issues may be the reason for the undesirable dietary changes, the importance of a quality diet should be discussed with all patients, as possible. Since the number of patients visited in the stone clinic was lower during COVID-19, virtual visits could be an excellent alternative to motivate patients with kidney stones.
Highlights
The dietary habits and lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic could affect the urinary risk factors in kidney stone formers
We reviewed the medical records of all patients visited in our stone prevention clinic from the beginning of COVID-19 in Iran to one year later, i.e., 20 Feb 2020 to Results The number of visited patients during COVID-19 and pre COVID-19 was 672 and 1625, respectively
Our results showed that fewer patients were visited during the COVID-19 pandemic
Summary
The dietary habits and lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic could affect the urinary risk factors in kidney stone formers. We investigated the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on 24-h urine metabolites, as a surrogate for dietary intake, in patients with kidney stones, in Tehran, Iran. It is clear that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a challenging and long-standing healthcare problem rather than a temporary condition [1]. Kidney stone disease has a high prevalence, incidence, and recurrence rate in the recent decade [5, 6]. Because the disease and its recurrence cause a high burden [7], prevention is of utmost importance in this condition [8]. The main target of preventive recommendations is to modify dietary habits and reduce lifestyle risk factors [9]. In patients with a high risk of recurrence, an extensive metabolic workup is recommended to identify stone risk
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