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Abstract
Effects of covering the orchard floor with reflecting films (crinkled aluminum foil bonded onto cloth (foil film), aluminum metalized polypropylene film (metalized film), and polypropylene film (Poly film) on anthocyanin, flavonoid, chlorophyll, and carotenoid accumulation and fruit coloration in `Fuji' apple were studied. After film application, light intensity inside the tree canopy increased from 30% of daylight to 68% and 50% of daylight, respectively, for foil film and metalized film. Poly film did not significantly increase light intensity in the tree canopy. Both foil film and metalized film increased anthocyanin concentration and reduced chlorophyll concentration in fruit peel, and improved percent red color of fruit. Carotenoid and flavonoid concentrations were not affected by use of reflecting films. Poly film did not affect anthocyanin synthesis and chlorophyll degradation, or carotenoid and flavonoid accumulation. Both foil and metalized film application stimulated internal ethylene synthesis and elevated UFGalT activity. The relationships among light intensity, UFGalT activity, and pigment concentrations in fruit peel are discussed.
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