Effects of coronary artery disease in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation: A study of age- and gender-matched cohorts

Abstract

BackgroundThe prognostic role of concomitant coronary artery disease (CAD) among patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is still uncertain. MethodsData from the Bern TAVI Registry and the Bern PCI Registry were analyzed. Patients with concomitant CAD undergoing TAVI (TAVI+CAD) were age- and gender-matched to the following two cohorts: patients without CAD undergoing TAVI (TAVI-noCAD) and patients with stable CAD undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (CAD-noAS). Major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or cerebrovascular events, represented the primary endpoint at 1-year. ResultsOut of 9478 procedures performed between 2007 and 2013 (807 TAVI; 8671 PCI), three cohorts, each including 248 subjects, were derived. At 1-year, MACCE were significantly increased among TAVI+CAD compared with TAVI-noCAD (16.8% vs. 9.8%, hazard ratio, HR, 1.75, 95% confidence intervals, CI, 1.06–2.89, p=0.030) and CAD-noAS patients (16.8% vs. 9.5%, HR 1.85, 95%CI 1.11–3.09, p=0.018) whereas no difference was found between TAVI-noCAD and CAD-noAS patients. The higher rate of MACCE among TAVI+CAD patients was mainly driven by an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality compared with the TAVI-noCAD (HR 1.86, 95%CI 1.03–3.36, p=0.040) and CAD-noAS cohorts (HR 2.29, 95%CI 1.22–4.30, p=0.010). The 1-year rate of MACCE was similar between TAVI-noCAD and CAD-noAS patients (9.8% vs. 9.5%, HR 1.05, 95%CI 0.59–1.87, p=0.86). ConclusionsConcomitant CAD in the setting of TAVI conveyed an increased risk of ischemic events and cardiovascular mortality at 1-year follow-up.