Abstract
BackgroundThis study aimed to determine the effect of the inclusion of corn gluten feed (CGF) on the apparent and standardized ileal digestibility of protein and amino acids and the apparent ileal and total tract digestibility of energy in growing pigs. The study was performed using 16 barrows (weight, 45.3 ± 4.5 kg) that were fitted with a T cannula at the terminal ileum. There were four treatments: a corn-soybean diet without CGF and three corn-soybean diets containing increasing levels of CGF (65, 130, and 195 g/kg). Data were analyzed according to a randomized complete block design, four blocks with four pigs each (one pig per treatment). The trend of the response (linear or quadratic) was determined using orthogonal contrasts, and when a linear effect was determined, a linear equation was obtained.ResultsThe results showed that the inclusion up to 195 g/kg of CGF in the corn-soybean diet did not diminish the ileal digestibility (apparent and standardized) of protein and amino acids (P > 0.05), except that of phenylalanine, cystine, and proline. A linear decrease (P < 0.05) per gram of CGF added to the diet in the apparent and standardized ileal digestibility of phenylalanine (0.011 and 0.015 percentage units, respectively), cystine (0.048 and 0.043 percentage units, respectively), and proline (0.045 and 0.047 percentage units, respectively) was noted. Similarly, ileal digestibility of dry matter and energy were adversely affected (reduced by 0.028 and 0.025 percentage units, respectively, per gram of CGF increment in the diet). A significant (P < 0.05) linear reduction in total tract digestibility with increase in CGF amount in the diet was observed for energy (0.027 percentage units), dry matter (0.027 percentage units), crude protein (0.020 percentage units), and neutral detergent fiber (0.041 percentage units) per gram of CGF added to the diet.ConclusionCGF did not affect the ileal digestibility of protein and most amino acids but reduced the ileal and total tract digestibility of energy.
Highlights
This study aimed to determine the effect of the inclusion of corn gluten feed (CGF) on the apparent and standardized ileal digestibility of protein and amino acids and the apparent ileal and total tract digestibility of energy in growing pigs
When wet milling is used to process corn, the germ is separated from the kernel, processed to obtain edible oil, and the resulting flour is mixed with the bran to produce corn gluten feed (CGF) [2], which has traditionally been considered a protein feed [3], it is rich in fiber [4,5]
The inclusion of CGF significantly reduced (P < 0.05) the Apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of dry matter; there was a reduction of 5.7 percentage units between the diet without CGF and the diet containing 195 g of CGF (87.7% vs. 82.0%)
Summary
This study aimed to determine the effect of the inclusion of corn gluten feed (CGF) on the apparent and standardized ileal digestibility of protein and amino acids and the apparent ileal and total tract digestibility of energy in growing pigs. There were four treatments: a corn-soybean diet without CGF and three corn-soybean diets containing increasing levels of CGF (65, 130, and 195 g/kg). Most of the corn produced is processed to extract flour, syrup, sweeteners, starches, oils, and ethanol. When wet milling is used to process corn, the germ is separated from the kernel, processed to obtain edible oil, and the resulting flour is mixed with the bran to produce corn gluten feed (CGF) [2], which has traditionally been considered a protein feed [3], it is rich in fiber [4,5].
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