Abstract
In the present study we evaluate the effect of two doses of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum), Thyme (Thymus vulgaris), Vanadyl sulfate, and Sodium tungstate on liver glycogen concentration (LGC), serum enzymes Alanine transaminase (ALT) and Aspartate transaminase (AST) levels in 15 days age broiler chickens. The results showed that full dose of Coriander (1500 mg/kg Bwt) has a significant (P≤0.05) decreasing effect on LGC, ALT and AST levels, in reverse to half dose which do not show a significant effect. In the combination of the half dose of Coriander with Sodium tungstate (750 mg/kg Bwt + 15 mg/kg Bwt) there is a significant increase in LGC and ALT, but not AST level in comparing with control group. Also the same effects were seen in combination dose of Coriander with Vanadyl sulfate (750 mg/kg Bwt + 50 mg/kg Bwt) on the studied parameters. On the other hand, results show that Thyme in full dose (2000mg/kg Bwt) has similar significant effect by lowering LGC, ALT, and AST levels as in case of Coriander, while half dose (1000mg/kg Bwt) of Thyme show no significant effects on the studied parameters. Thyme with Vanadyl sulfate have no significant effect on ALT and AST with increasing LGC. Sodium tungstate in the full dose (30mg/kg Bwt) has a significant decline effect on the studied parameters in comparing with control group, while there is no effect of Sodium tungstate when used in half dose (15mg/kg Bwt) except increasing level of ALT. Vanadyl sulfate has the same effect similar to Sodium tungstate in full doses, while half dose of Vanadyl sulfate show no significant effect on studied parameters. From this study we conclude that both medicinal plants Coriander and Thyme also Sodium tungstate and Vanadyl sulfate have a significant dose dependant effects on glycogen concentration and serum levels of ALT and AST in broiler chickens.
Highlights
Coriander (Cariandrum sativum) medicinally used in drug preparation as carminative, gastrotonic, antispasmodic, aphrodisiac, and hypoglycemic [1,2]
Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) was used as carminative, antirheumatic, and in certain skin disease treatment [6,7] its used as antiparastic, analgesic, hypotensive agent [8], thyme contain volatile oil themol and carvacral [9] contain thymine [7], numerous types of flavonoids [10,11] and vitamine E [10], physiological and biochemical effect of the thyme was studied by many researchers, they show that thyme cause hypoglycemia and increase in appetite, significant decrease in total cholesterol and triglycerides levels [12]
Glycogen a storage form of carbohydrate in vertebrates, it synthesized by glycogenesis when glucose levels are high and degraded by glycogenolysis when glucose is in short supply, both glycogenesis and glycogenolysis controlled primarily by interplay between two hormones: insulin and glucagon [19,20]
Summary
Coriander (Cariandrum sativum) medicinally used in drug preparation as carminative, gastrotonic, antispasmodic, aphrodisiac, and hypoglycemic [1,2]. Alanine transaminase (ALT) (previously called glutamate pyruvate transaminase GTP) present in high concentration In liver and to less extent in skeletal muscle, kidney, and heart [20], Aspartate transaminase (AST) (previously called glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase GOT) present in high concentration in cells of cardiac and skeletal muscle, liver, kidney, RBC, and damage to any of these tissues can cause increase in plasma AST level [21]
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