Abstract
To study the effects of the control temperature, ablation time, and the background tissue surrounding the tumor on the size of the ablation zone on radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of osteoid osteoma (OO). Finite element models of non‐cooled temperature‐controlled RFA of typical OOs were developed to determine the resulting ablation radius at control temperatures of 70, 80, and 90°C. Three different geometries were used, mimicking common cases of OO. The ablation radius was obtained by using the Arrhenius equation to determine cell viability. Ablation radii were larger for higher temperatures and also increased with time. All geometries and control temperatures tested had ablation radii larger than the tumor. The ablation radius developed rapidly in the first few minutes for all geometries and control temperatures tested, developing slowly towards the end of the ablation. Resistive heating and the temperature distribution showed differences depending on background tissue properties, resulting in differences in the ablation radius on each geometry. The ablation radius has a clear dependency not only on the properties of the tumor but also on the background tissue. Lower background tissue's electrical conductivity and blood perfusion rates seem to result in larger ablation zones. The differences observed between the different geometries suggest the need for patient‐specific planning, as the anatomical variations could cause significantly different outcomes where models like the one here presented could help to guarantee safe and successful tumor ablations.
Highlights
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive technique that has become the treatment of choice for osteoid osteomas (OO), one of the most common types of bone tumors.[1]
They had decided on an ablation time of 3 min with a control temperature of 90C, but the duration was later increased to 6 min after a attempt to reduce the number of tumor recurrences in.[2,3]
Neither the effects of the ablation time, nor the control temperature, nor the effects of the background tissue surrounding the tumor on the resulting ablation zone are well understood
Summary
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive technique that has become the treatment of choice for osteoid osteomas (OO), one of the most common types of bone tumors.[1]. The standard RFA for OO is a temperature-controlled mode of 90C for 6 min,[1] which originates from the first Rosenthal et al's experiments. They had decided on an ablation time of 3 min with a control temperature of 90C, but the duration was later increased to 6 min after a (successful) attempt to reduce the number of tumor recurrences in.[2,3] By increasing the ablation time, the amount of RF energy delivered to the tissue is increased, causing larger ablation zones. Post-operative imaging studies are not usually performed, making it hard to quantify the effects of changes in protocol on the ablation zone
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