Abstract
Based on an outcome maximization hypothesis, subjects were predicted to respond optimally in a prisoner's dilemma game with anticipated shock outcomes. As expected, cooperation was significantly higher for 100% lag-one contingent matching feedback conditions than for noncontingent yoked-control conditions; also, cooperation increased over trials for contingent subjects, and decreased over trials for noncontingent subjects. Man versus machine characterization of the player did not affect cooperative responding, lending more support in this situation to outcome maximization as opposed to competitive motivation and perceived reactivity of the other player interpretations.
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