Abstract
We sought to investigate the association between consumption of coffee, tea, or soft drinks and risk of open-angle glaucoma (OAG) among Koreans using nationwide population-based data. This cross-sectional survey was performed through the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010 to 2011. Participants older than 19 years were included in the sample for analysis after excluding those with any missing data. The diagnosis of OAG was based on the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology criteria, and participants without glaucomatous optic neuropathy served as controls. The frequency of beverage consumption during the past 12 months was obtained through a questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine the relationship between consumption of each type of beverage and prevalence of OAG. A total of 6,681 participants was included in the analysis. The prevalence of OAG was 4.4% (n = 323), including 5.4% (n = 169) among men and 3.5% (n = 154) among women. After adjusting for multiple covariates, coffee consumption was significantly associated with OAG, while no significant association was found between consumption of tea or soft drinks and OAG. Participants who drank coffee had a higher risk of having OAG compared with those who did not drink coffee (odds ratio [OR], 2.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.22–4.72; p = 0.011). In sex-stratified analyses, the robust association of coffee consumption with OAG was observed in men (OR, 3.98; 95% CI, 1.71–9.25; p = 0.001) but not in women. Our results suggest that coffee consumption may affect the risk of OAG, particularly in men.
Highlights
High intraocular pressure (IOP) can have a negative effect on the optic nerve and is the most important cause of development and progression of glaucoma
This study was based on data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010 to 2011, which is an ongoing, nationwide population-based survey conducted periodically by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDCP) and the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare
Our study indicates that drinking coffee significantly increased risk of open-angle glaucoma (OAG) in men but not women
Summary
High intraocular pressure (IOP) can have a negative effect on the optic nerve and is the most important cause of development and progression of glaucoma. Tea, or soft drinks and OAG studies suggest that lowering IOP in glaucoma patients can prevent glaucoma progression. It is true that glaucoma development or progression can occur even if the IOP is within the normal range. Many studies have been conducted to identify other solutions for patients who cannot be managed by lowering IOP [1,2]. Various other risk factors affecting glaucoma have been reported [3,4,5,6]
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