Effects of Coated Cysteamine on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Weaned Pigs.

Shanshan Wang,Hongnan Liu,Ruilin Huang,Yao Li,Xia Xiong,Miaomiao Bai,Kang Xu,Zhe Yang,Yirui Shao

doi:10.3390/ani11082217

Abstract

Simple SummaryOxidative stress and inflammation are common problems in livestock and poultry production, and have a serious impact on animal welfare and profitability. Finding an effective way to deal with oxidative stress and inflammation is an urgent problem for the modern pig industry. Cysteamine has been shown to play a crucial role in the growth performance, digestive metabolism, immune function, and fecundity of animals. In this study, we found that dietary supplementation of coated cysteamine could enhance the level of immunoglobulin and the expression of intestinal immune factors in the weaned pigs induced by diquat. It is proved that dietary supplementation with coated cysteamine can improve the intestine barrier function and immune function.This study aimed to explore the effects of dietary coated cysteamine on oxidative stress and inflammation in diquat-induced weaning pigs. Twenty-four pigs were randomly assigned to three dietary groups with eight replicates: the control (fed base diet), diquat (fed base diet), and coated cysteamine + diquat groups (fed 80 mg/kg cysteamine). The experiment was conducted for 21 d, and consisted of a pre-starter period (14 d) and a starter period (7 d). Coated cysteamine treatment significantly increased (p < 0.05) the final weight and average daily gain (ADG) in pigs. The contents of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), immunoglobulin G (IgG), serine (Ser), and isoleucine (Ile) were elevated (p < 0.05) while the contents of albumin (ALB) and aspartic acid (Asp) were reduced (p < 0.05) in the serum after coated cysteamine supplementation. Coated cysteamine supplementation resulted in greater (p < 0.05) serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, the expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) mRNA in the colon, and the CuSOD mRNA expression in the jejunum (p < 0.05) and colon (p = 0.073). Coated cysteamine supplementation showed an increasing trend in villus height (p = 0.060), villus height/crypt depth (V/C) (p = 0.056), the expression levels of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) mRNA (p = 0.061), and Occludin mRNA (p = 0.074) in the jejunum. In summary, dietary supplementation with coated cysteamine improves the intestinal barrier function of the jejunum by increasing the immunoglobulin content and the relative expression of intestinal immune factor mRNA in pigs while alleviating oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions caused by diquat.

Highlights

Oxidative stress is a frequent phenomenon that occurs in living organisms
We found that there were no significant differences in average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and
The results of the present study showed that coated cysteamine supplementation resulted in an increase in the contents of Ser and Ile, and reduced the contents of Asp, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear

Summary

Introduction

Oxidative stress is a frequent phenomenon that occurs in living organisms. The oxidation and antioxidant systems in the body reach a balanced state [1], whereas the body reacts to oxidative stress [2] and produces excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) when this balance is broken, which is likely to cause cytotoxicity [3]. Several chronic diseases are associated with oxidative stress which can cause severe cell and tissue damage [5]. In the practical production process, oxidative stress reduces growth performance and immunity in pigs, which in turn causes various diseases and huge losses to the breeding industry [6]. Finding an effective method to alleviate or solve oxidative stress in pigs is a problem requiring an urgent solution

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