Effects of Co layer thickness and annealing temperature on the magnetic properties of inverted [Pt/Co] multilayers

Abstract

The effects of Co layer thickness and annealing temperature on the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) properties of inverted [Pt (0.2 nm)/Co (tCo)]6 multilayers (where tCo indicates the thickness of the Co layer) have been investigated. The cross-sectional microstructure, as observed from the high-resolution transmission electron microscope images, shows a clear layered structure with atomically flat interfaces both in the as-deposited state as well as after annealing, indicating the interface effects for PMA. The effective PMA energy density (Keff) increases significantly with an increase in tCo from 0.2 to 0.28 nm and then becomes almost saturated with further increases in tCo, followed by a slight reduction at the highest Co thickness, tCo = 0.6 nm. In order to explain the tCo dependence on Keff, the intrinsic PMA energy density (Ki) is calculated by additionally measuring a similar set of results for the saturation magnetization. The Ki value increases nearly linearly with the increase in tCo from 0.2 to 0.5 nm, followed by saturation at a higher tCo value of 0.6 nm. Owing to a close relationship between Ki and the quality of the interfaces, these results indicate a similar tCo dependence on the quality of the interfaces. This is further supported from the magnetic measurements of the samples annealed at the highest temperature of 500 °C, where a second phase is formed, which show a similar tCo dependence on the amount of the second phase. The Ki value is nearly independent of the annealing temperature at tCo ≤ 0.4 nm, above which a substantial reduction is observed, when the annealing temperature exceeds 500 °C.