Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that chronic neuropathic pain is frequently accompanied by an array of psychiatric diseases, such as depression and anxiety. Electroacupuncture (EA), as one therapy of traditional Chinese medicine, has displayed potent antidepressant-like effects in numerous clinical studies. The present study was designed to examine the possible effects of EA on the depressive and anxiety disorders induced by neuropathic pain. A classic rat model of neuropathic pain was produced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve. EA was performed on acupoints “Bai-Hui” (GV20) and unilateral “Yang-Ling-Quan” (GB34). The antidepressive and anxiolytic effects of EA treatment were analyzed using the forced swimming test (FST) and the elevated plus maze (EPM) test, respectively. CCI resulted in remarkable depression- and anxiety-like behaviors, whereas the chronic EA treatment significantly improved the behavioral deficits of CCI rats. Moreover, the phosphorylation level of the NMDA receptor type 1 (NR1) subunit was decreased in the hippocampus of CCI rats. Intriguingly, continuous EA treatment effectively blocked this decrease in the levels of pNR1. These results suggested that EA has antidepressive and anxiolytic effects on rats with neuropathic pain and that this might be associated with restoring the phosphorylation of NR1 in the hippocampus.
Highlights
Chronic neuropathic pain as a persistent stressor induces biochemical, physiological, and psychological changes, which result in multiple neuropsychiatric disorders [1, 2]
There was no significant difference in these pain-related behaviors between normal and sham surgery rats
These data suggested that the rats subjected to constriction injury (CCI) developed obvious thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia
Summary
Chronic neuropathic pain as a persistent stressor induces biochemical, physiological, and psychological changes, which result in multiple neuropsychiatric disorders [1, 2]. Patients with chronic pain frequently suffer from mental illnesses, depression and anxiety [3]. Because currently available antidepressant treatment has limitations including side effects and the delayed onset of therapeutic efficacy, it is crucial to look for alternative approaches to optimize the treatment [4]. One therapy from traditional Chinese medicine, electroacupuncture (EA), has been widely proved to be effective in treating chronic pain [5, 6]. Whether continuous EA application has an effect on the depression and anxiety induced by neuropathic pain remains unknown. Clarifying the possible effects of EA treatment on pain-related psychiatric disorders and revealing its underlying mechanisms may be of clinical benefit
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