Abstract
Extracts of Latrodectus mactans tredecimguttatus venom glands were fractionated by means of gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. Three protein peaks toxic to mice were assayed in vitro on three different preparations known to be affected by whole venom. The fractions elicited: (a) increased release of acetylcholine from rat brain cortex slices, (b) disappearance of the histochemical reaction due to catecholamines in adrenergic fibres of rat iris, and (c) amplitude decrease of preganglionically evoked action potentials recorded postganglionically from rat superior cervical ganglion, and appearance of asynchronous postganglionic action potentials recorded from unstimulated ganglia. Fractions C and D were active at protein concentrations as low as 2 μg/ml, while fraction B was considerably less potent.
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