Abstract
The pesticide chlordimeform (CDF) and its metabolite 4-chloro-o-toluidine (4CT) are documented animal carcinogens. Various immunological and toxicological parameters were examined following CDF or 4CT exposure in Sprague-Dawley rats: spleen wt./body wt. ratio; spleen cells/mg; splenocyte viability; T and B cell mitogenesis; natural killer (NK) and natural cytotoxic (NC) cell activity. In this study CDF produced a dose-dependent inhibition of NK activity (E:T ratio 100:1). Significant decreases in NK activity also occurred at all CDF doses, while the spleen wt./body wt. ratio was reduced only by the highest CDF dose. The compound 4CT produced no significant effects on NK or NC activity. No changes were observed in spleen cells/mg, splenocyte viability, or in T and B cell proliferation mediated by concanavalin A (Con-A) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), respectively, with either CDF or 4CT treatment. These results have demonstrated that CDF exposure has a selective effect on splenic functionally distinct tumoricidal effector cell populations, and that this effect is evident at 1 mg/kg, a dose not inconsistent with the maximum exposure levels in workers.
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