Abstract
Tyrosinase is a key enzyme for the biosynthesis pathway of melanin pigment, which is the most important determinant of the colour of skin and hair colour. Hair turns grey due to a decrease in the production of melanin in the hair bulb, which gives the hair its colour. In previous study, Chinese herbal have been found to increase melanin production and prevent the graying of hair. We demonstrated that 2, 3, 5, 4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene 2-O-β- D-glucoside (THSG), gallic acid, physcion, and emodin are the major compounds of Fallopia multiflora in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. In our preliminary screening using mushroom tyrosinase, 2, 3, 5, 4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene 2-O-β-D-glucoside, gallic acid, and physcion were found to show significant increased activity for tyrosinase. We also investigated that Chinese herbal extracts (Fallopia multiflora, Ligustrum lucidum ait, Angelica sinensis, and other Chinese herbal) to show significant increased activity for mushroom tyrosinase and melanogenesis in mouse melanocytes. Therefore, Chinese herbal extracts can be a potential agent for hair blackening to be used in cosmetic products.
Highlights
Melanin is polyphenol-like biopolymer with a complex structure and colours varying from yellow to black, [1] which was formed through a series of oxidative reactions involving the amino acid tyrosine in the presence of tyrosinase. [2] Tyrosinase is a copper-containing enzyme, which is widely found in plants and animals. [3] It is known to be a key enzyme for melanin biosynthesis in plants, microorganisms and mammalian cells
We demonstrated that Tetrahydroxystilbene 2-O-β-D-glucoside (THSG), gallic acid, physcion, and emodin are the major compounds of Fallopia multiflora in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis
THSG, gallic acid, and physcion have been reported to increased activity for mushroom tyrosinase effects
Summary
Melanin is polyphenol-like biopolymer with a complex structure and colours varying from yellow to black, [1] which was formed through a series of oxidative reactions involving the amino acid tyrosine in the presence of tyrosinase. [2] Tyrosinase (monophenol monooxygenase EC 1.14.18.1) is a copper-containing enzyme, which is widely found in plants and animals. [3] It is known to be a key enzyme for melanin biosynthesis in plants, microorganisms and mammalian cells. The colour of mammalian skin and hair is determined by a number of factors, the most important of which is the degree and distribution of melanin pigmentation. In our preliminary screening using mushroom tyrosinase, the extract of Fallopia multiflora was found to show significant increased activity for tyrosine hydroxylation. In our preliminary screening using mushroom tyrosinase, the extract of FM was found to show significant increased activity for tyrosine hydroxylation. [14,15,16,17,18] In previous study, Chinese herbal have been found to increase melanin production and prevent the greying of hair. To clarify the mechanism of Chinese herbal, we studied its increased action on the melanin synthetic enzyme and its effects on the melanin production in cultured mouse melanocytes
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