Effects of changing nozzle holes-diameter in double-injection strategies using numerical modeling

Abstract

Fuel–air mixture in diesel engines could be controlled by various methods such as split-injection strategies and nozzle-holes configurations. For the first time and in this paper, a numerical study has been conducted to examine the effects of changing nozzle holes-diameter in double-injection strategies on pollutant emissions. Results showed that heat release rate in double-injection strategies has two peaks due to the two-stage injections. Furthermore, decreasing the nozzle holes-diameter could cause better fuel atomization that increases the heat release rate peak. Changing nozzle holes-diameter could strongly affect pollutant emissions, in which decreasing the diameter could reduce soot emission and increasing the nozzle holes-diameter could reduce NOx emission formation.