Abstract

SummaryObservations were made on feeding by spotted‐necked otters (Lutra maculicollis), and the Cape clawless otter (Aonyx capensis), in Lake Victoria, Tanzania. Spotted‐necked otters lived mostly in small packs. Their prey consisted mainly of cichlid fishes. A method is described for estimating prey size from the diameter offish eye‐lenses found in the otters' faeces. Spotted‐necked otters took mostly small prey but they also often ate relatively large, introduced fish species, in contrast to reports on their food elsewhere and in Lake Victoria before the recent change in fish populations. Clawless otters ate mostly crabs. The populations of spotted‐necked otters have declined along most coasts of Lake Victoria, possibly because of changes in fish populations and vegetation. Introduced fish species were preyed upon in certain types of shore‐line vegetation especially on uninhabited islands. The clawless otter is not likely to be affected by the changes in fish populations.RésuméOn a fait des observations sur l'alimentation des loutres à cou tacheté (Lutra maculicollis) et de la loutre du Cap (Aonyx capensis) au lac Victoria, en Tanzanie. Les loutres à cou tacheté vivaient le plus souvent en petits groupes. Leurs proies consis‐taient principalement en poissons cichlides. On décrit une méthode pour évaluer la taille des proies à partir du diamètre des cristallins trouvés dam les excréments des loutres. Ces dernières capturent le plus souvent de petites proies mais elles mangent aussi, souvent, des poissons relativement grands, d'espèces introduites, contrairement aux rapports faits sur leur alimentation ailleurs, et dans le lac Victoria avant le changement récent des populations de poissons. Les loutres duCap mangent surtout des crabes. Les populations de loutres à cou tacheté ont diminué sur la plupart des rives du lac Victoria peut‐être a cause des changements des populations de poissons et de végétation. Les espèces de poissons introduites étaient capturèes dans certains types de végétation des berges, spécialement sur les îles inhabitées. La loutre du Cap ne semble pas être affectée par les changements des populations de poissons.

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