Abstract
The temperature and magnetic field dependences of magnetization were measured for two types of Bi-2212 superconductor with Ln 3+ (Y or a rare earth element) substituted for (Sr,Ca) 2+ and with Pb substituted for Bi. The two types of sample were sintered in air and in N 2, respectively. It was found that both kinds of substitution enhanced flux pinning, but only the latter increased the irreversibility magnetic field. This result is explained assuming that there existed at least two kinds of pinning mechanism even in the undoped sample. The inhomogeneity caused by the substitution of Ln 3+ for (Sr,Ca) 2+ was mainly the local lattice distortion due to the difference in the ionic radius and suspected to act as a pinning centre as effective as point defects. In the case of substitution of Pb for Bi, it was indicated that a certain defect structure was yielded by an orthorhombic-to-monoclinic structural transformation.
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