Abstract
BackgroundCardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with high-priming volume can significantly activate the inflammatory response and increse the usage of packed red blood cells (PRBCs). As risks and complications related to transfusions are increasing, many cardiac centers are focusing on reducing the priming volume of CPB. In our center, efforts have also been made to reduce the priming volume, and the effects of CPB with low-priming volume on clinical outcomes in children undergoing congenital heart disease (CHD) surgery were investigated in this study to provide referential experiences for pediatric CPB.MethodsThe clinical case data of 158 children undergoing CHD surgery with CPB were collected. The children were divided into the low-priming-volume group (group A, n = 79) and the traditional group (group B, n = 79) according to the priming volume. The amount of PRBCs transfused, the postoperative hematological test results and the clinical outcomes of the two groups were compared by the independent sample t-test or the chi-square test.ResultsThe amount of PRBCs transfused during CPB and during the whole operation were significantly lower in group A than in group B (p < 0.01), but the hemoglobin (Hb) concentration was higher in group A on the first day after surgery (p < 0.01) and before hospital discharge. However, the latter showed no statistical significant difference. The lowest postoperative platelet count was higher in group A than in group B (p < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the postoperative inflammatory markers and the main clinical outcomes between the two groups.ConclusionsThe usage of PRBCs in CPB with low-priming volume decreased significantly, but the postoperative Hb concentration and platelet count could still be maintained at a high level, improving the use efficiency of PRBCs. CPB with low-priming volume did not affect the postoperative recovery of patients, so it is worthy of continuous promotion and optimization.
Highlights
Congenital heart disease (CHD) surgery in children accounts for a large part of cardiac surgery
Comparison of the intraoperative clinical data between the two groups As shown in Table 3, the priming volume of Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and the packed red blood cells (PRBCs) used in the priming of CPB were significantly lower in group A than in group B (p = 0.000)
The total amount of PRBCs transfused during CPB and during the whole operation was significantly lower in group A than in group B (p < 0.01)
Summary
Congenital heart disease (CHD) surgery in children accounts for a large part of cardiac surgery. Children have a small body weight and blood volume, so the priming volume of CPB is a relatively large volume compared with adults This means that the contact between the blood and the non-endothelial biomaterial surface increases, which activates the inflammatory response and coagulation system significantly substantially. This study retrospectively analyzed the effects of CPB with low-priming volume on clinical outcomes in children undergoing CHD surgery. As risks and complications related to transfusions are increasing, many cardiac centers are focusing on reducing the priming volume of CPB. Efforts have been made to reduce the priming volume, and the effects of CPB with low-priming volume on clinical outcomes in children undergoing congenital heart disease (CHD) surgery were investigated in this study to provide referential experiences for pediatric CPB
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