Abstract
Investigations of various aspects of calcification incorals have frequently made use of artificial seawatersfrom which calcium has been omitted or has beenpresent in low concentrations compared to standardseawater (Chalker 1976; Krishnaveni et al. 1989; Ip andKrishnaveni 1991; Al-Moghrabi et al. 1996; Tambutteet al. 1996; Gattuso et al. 2000). The possibility ofundesirable effects resulting from exposure to suchmedia does not appear to have been considered. Thereappears to have been no attempt to investigate the non-physiological effects of calcium depletion in seawatereven though it has been long known that calcium hasprofound effects on membrane permeabilities andnumerous physiological processes (Hoar 1966; Manery1966; Giese 1979).The purpose of the present investigation was toascertain whether calcium-free seawater, or seawatercontaining low calcium concentrations, had any obviouseffects on the polyps of Galaxea fascicularis. A numberof artificial seawater formulations have been used bydifferent investigators. We report the effects of three lowcalcium or calcium-free formulations, used by previousinvestigators, and make comparisons with the corre-sponding standard artificial seawaters and naturalstandard seawater.
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