Abstract
This study investigated the effects of feeding by-product feed (BF)-based silage on the behavior of growing Hanwoo heifers. Twelve Hanwoo heifers (13.2 months-old, 315 kg body weight; four heifers per pen) were assigned to three diets: a rice straw (RS) diet (concentrate mix and free access to RS), a RS and BF-based silage (RSBFS) diet (concentrate mix and free access to RS and BF-based silage), and a BF-based silage (BFS) diet (concentrate mix and free access to BF-based silage). Behavior was recorded for 5 days using camcorders. Compared to the RS group, the BFS group showed 21.7% higher dry matter intake, shorter feeding, rumination, and chewing times, as well as longer resting time (p < 0.05). Although all groups exhibited similar drinking, urination, and defecation frequencies, the BFS group exhibited higher feeding rates, rumination efficiency, and chewing efficiency than the RS group (p < 0.05). Compared to the BFS group, the RSBFS group showed higher peNDF8.0 intake (15.2% vs. 25.0% dry matter intake), longer feeding and sitting times, lower defecation frequency (p < 0.05), and similar rumination efficiency. In conclusion, complete replacement of conventional RS with BF-based silage reduced rumination and chewing activity in growing Hanwoo heifers, and BF-based silage feeding with large-particle straw is an effective approach in improving heifer behavior.
Highlights
Demand for increased development of cheap domestic by-product feed (BF)-based roughage has increased in proportion to higher imported roughage and hay prices
This increased feed intake is partly attributed to the fact that BF-based silage particles were smaller than those of rice straw (RS), and it is known that small particle size can increase feed intake [15,16]
1)The three diets were as follows: RS; RS and BF-based silage (RSBFS); and BFS. 2)BF-based silage (BFS) was a by-product feed-based silage, which was composed of 50% spent mushroom substrate, 21% recycled poultry bedding, 15% ryegrass straw, 10.8% rice bran, 2% molasses, 0.6% bentonite, and 0.6%
Summary
Demand for increased development of cheap domestic by-product feed (BF)-based roughage has increased in proportion to higher imported roughage and hay prices. Feeding of growing beef cattle with high quality roughage is an effective method of well-marbled beef [1]. In our previous study [6], cheap and high quality BF-based roughage was successfully manufactured by ensiling spent mushroom substrate (SMS), recycled poultry bedding (RPB), rice bran, minimal straw with. There are two types of peNDF, peNDF8.0 and peNDF1.18, and little information is available on which peNDF is more reliable for predicting rumination behavior in growing beef cattle. This study was attempted to determine the effects of BF-based silage on feeding, rumination, resting, and excretion in growing Hanwoo heifers as well as the reliability of. Kim et al Journal of Animal Science and Technology (2015) 57:3 dietary peNDF8.0 and peNDF1.18 for predicting rumination behavior in growing beef cattle
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